Fact-sheet and FAQs for IRB INVIT

InvIT (Infrastructure Investment Trust) is an asset class specifically pertaining to the infrastructure space. It is a collective investment vehicle that pools together funds from long-term investors to acquire income-generating infrastructure assets from developers. It can be looked at as a portfolio of underlying operating Infrastructure Assets with a regular and stable stream of income and cash-flows. These cash-flows are passed on to the holding Trust (InvIT) to be paid out to unitholders in the same manner as it accrued to the Trust.

IRB InvIT is a Trust owning a portfolio of 7 Toll Road assets with gross toll collection of ~ Rs. 14.9bn for FY 2017-18. The Trust was listed on 18th May, 2017 on both exchanges BSE and NSE. Presently, the Trust has unit capital of Rs 59.2bn and EV of Rs 74.7bn.

Investment Structure:

In addition to Unit Capital raised at the time of IPO, the Trust has raised Rs 15.5bn debt from Banks to fund acquisition of seventh asset. It can add another Rs 45bn worth of assets through debt funding, as permitted under the InvIT Regulations (Maximum permissible Debt equity for InvIT is 1:1)

(Rs. In Lakhs)

There are three streams of cash-flows that the Trust receives from underlying SPVs. Against these cash inflows, at Trust level, there are three major outflows:

1. Investment Manager fees: ~1% of Net Revenues, within a Min of Rs 100mn and Max of Rs 250mn
2. Interest on External Debt: Interest cost of 8.15%p.a. presently
3. Loan Repayment: Scheduled in line with the cash-flow build-up of asset acquired with ballooning repayment schedule over the next 15 years.
4. The net amount of cash at the Trust level, after meeting these obligations, is called the Net distributable cash-flow (NDCF). The Trust is obligated to distribute NDCF to unitholders – in the same format as received from SPVs.

NDCF for FY-18

Capital reduction is the payout made corresponding to the repayment of loan by underlying SPVs to the Trust – in turn generated from operating cash-flows of the SPVs. Capital reduction forms a part of distribution for Business trusts / REITs globally and is included in calculation of returns/yield for the Trust.

The indicative yield, for InvIT, works in same manner as one would calculate IRR on investment, meaning – the payouts include part capital reduction and part return/yield – totaling up to reflected IRR (refer illustration below). In the case of InvIT – the payout will be spread over the residual life of the Trust (based on underlying assets, which for IRB InvIT currently stands at approx. 23 years) and will be paid out in three modes – Interest, Capital reduction / Buyback and Dividend.

Accordingly, the Trust has made distribution of Rs 7.65/unit as Interest and Rs 2.9/unit as capital reduction for FY18 (318 days ending 31st Mar 2018). This payout, should not considered in isolation and, is rather one of the approx. 88 (4 distributions per annum x 22 years as residual life of InvIT) more payments to be made – which put together, reflect the indicated IRR of ~12% on issue price of Rs 102/unit. As shown below, the IRR builds over the total period of payouts:

Illustration for calculation of IRR:

Method 1:

Method 1:

* Negative represents Cash Outflow and positive represents Cash Inflow

No TDS shall be applicable on Capital reduction/Buyback and Dividend. Capital reduction/ buyback will result in reduction in the cost of Investments. Dividend is exempt from tax as per the limits specified in the Income Tax Act. Interest shall be taxable in the hands of unitholders as per relevant tax slab. However, TDS is applicable at the time of distribution of interest as per chart below.

– exceeds one crore rupees but does not exceed 10 crores

– exceeds 10 crores
Being a firm/ LLP
– is below one crore
rupees

– exceeds one crore
rupees- 5.200%
– 5.720%

– 5.980%

– 5.200%

– 5.304%
– 5.460%
– 5.200%
– 5.824%

If we consider the Trust to be a perpetual entity, which keeps growing by acquiring more assets and distributing returns from the operational cash-flows of those assets – the capital investment and return will be based on market value of units at the time of purchase and sale.

If we consider the Trust to be an entity with current portfolio of seven assets only with finite life, then the capital repayment happens over the residual life as follows:

• Total Projected Distribution of over Rs. 438/unit over the life of IRB InvIT (terminal year being liquidation proceeds), comprising 38% as Dividend, 36% as Interest and balance 26% as Buyback/Capital reduction
• 
• Underlying assumptions:
  • Current InvIT portfolio of 7 assets considered with present capital & financing structure and cost of debt at 8.15%
  • Traffic Growth of 5.5% p.a., WPI of 4.5% p.a.
  • Implied Revenue CAGR ~10%

Presently Debt Equity ratio is 0.25:1 and it can borrow upto 1:1 Debt Equity ratio i.e. acquire Rs 45bn worth of assets (grow to 1.6x present size) with debt funding and without further equity dilution subject to the approval of the unitholders.

For Care Ratings
//www.careratings.com/upload/CompanyFiles/PR/IRB%20InvIT%20Fund-09-19-2017.pdf

For India Ratings
https://indiaratings.co.in/PressRelease?pressReleaseID=29377

• Organic growth: In the form of increase in Toll revenues; expected around 9.5-10% annually.
• Inorganic growth: Through acquisition of more projects from road developers across the industry, at an IRR conducive to the risk-reward profile of and return accretive to the Trust. The pace of project awards by NHAI is very encouraging and opens up an additional stream of projects based on Hybrid Annuity Model (HAM). HAM projects will provide a stable stream of annuity based cash flows and improve cash yield to unit holders from day 1. Toll assets will imply a higher IRR – conducive to the traffic risk they come with. The Trust will thus target a healthy mix of Toll and HAM projects to ensure high cash flow visibility as well as improvement of overall IRR. Within the sponsor Portfolio which has given Right of First Refusal and Future Asset Agreement with the Trust, the Trust has the option and visibility to acquire assets with a project cost of ~Rs 315bn that will become eligible for acquisition over the next 1-5 years.

Asset pipeline from Sponsor:

• Toll Collection: Each SPV has its own set of executives and operators for managing toll plazas and the Sponsor doesn’t have any involvement in this regard. Further, right from assessment/ identification of category of vehicles to collection tally at each operator’s end there are robust systems, checks and audits in place to ensure no leakage and/or discrepancy in collections can occur.
• Asset Transfers: The initial portfolio of six assets was valued on the basis of most conservative assumptions (4.5% Inflation + 5.5% traffic growth – resulting in 9.5-10% revenue CAGR) in line with investors’ expectations as well as their expected yield (12%). The seventh asset had a residual life of 17 years and was valued using same base assumptions – as the rest of the six assets. The acquisition was voted in favor by over 83% of the unitholders who voted and IRB Infra (being a related party) didn’t participate in the same.
• In future as well, each of the assets as may be offered from the Sponsor’s portfolio will be vetted and voted for by the non-sponsor unitholders only – in line with market determined yield and thus valuation. IRB InvIT can also acquire assets from other developers and has been evaluating such opportunities. It is in IRB Infra’s interest to aid growth of IRB InvIT to ensure long term continued visibility of asset capitalization through this vehicle and has Rs 315bn worth of assets that can be offered to the trust over the next 4-5 years.